Research status of precision forging equipment technology

Precision forging forming technology (net forming) refers to the forming technology that only requires a small amount of processing or no more processing to meet the requirements of the part after the part is forged and formed. Precision forging forming technology is an important part of advanced manufacturing technology, and it is also a widely used parts manufacturing process in automobile, mining, energy, construction, aviation, aerospace, weapons and other industries. Precision forging forming technology not only saves materials and energy, reduces processing processes and equipment, but also significantly improves productivity and product quality, reduces production costs, and thus improves the market competitiveness of products.

After more than 30 years of development, precision forging forming technology has developed rapidly, and many research results have been obtained. This paper summarizes the development status of precision forging forming technology in recent years from five aspects: process method, forging equipment, mold, forming process simulation and process optimization, and looks forward to the future development direction of precision forging forming technology.

1. Precision forging process method

At present, there are many precision forging processes that have been applied to production. According to the different forming temperatures, it can be divided into hot precision forging, cold precision forging, warm precision forging, composite precision forging, isothermal precision forging, etc.

With the development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for precision forging parts are getting higher and higher, and higher requirements are also put forward for the research and development of precision forging technology.

1) Continuous process innovation. In order to meet the requirements of formed parts and reduce production costs, it is necessary to continuously develop new precision forging forming processes with high forming accuracy, long die life and high production efficiency.

2) Development of composite processes. With the continuous improvement of the process requirements of forming parts, it is difficult to meet the requirements of a single precision forging, which requires the development of composite forming process, combining the forging process of different temperatures or different process methods, and learning from each other's strengths to jointly complete the processing and manufacturing of a part. It can also be combined with other precision forming processes such as precision casting, precision welding and other processes to improve the application scope and processing capacity of precision forming process.

3) Knowledge-based process design. With the continuous development of precision forging equipment technology, the process design is becoming more and more complex, in order to improve the reliability and efficiency of process design, the development of knowledge-based expert system is an important research direction of precision forging process design in the future.